Economic Theories Of International Free Trade Essay

Throughout the centuries of economic theories, there have always been major disagreements amongst economists. Each believing their theory provides a better explanation or solution to the economic situations the globe finds itself in. The anomaly to these disagreements is the theory, first introduced by Adam Smith, which states that international free trade is in the best interest of the trading countries and the ever globalizing world as a whole. This essay shall compare the views of the great economists; namely Adam Smith and David Ricardo, on their economic theories of international free trade. Over the years of economic development and globalisation, trade has taken place between people and countries. Dating back to the beginning of AD, trade occurred between the Roman Empire, Parthian Empire and the Han Dynasty. During the days of colonisation, the colonised countries would export the raw materials to the colonising countries and import the finished manufactured goods from them. In the modern day, globalised world we live in, international trade occurs between countries companies, peoples and governments by the second (Elena, 2015). There are often restrictions on trade between countries, such as import taxes, to try incentives the population to buy domestically produced goods. Adam Smith, who is considered a pioneer of the great economists, was a Scottish born moral Philosopher, political economist and thought of as a key figure in the Scottish enlightenment. He wasShow MoreRelated Challenging Comparative Advantage Essay1410 Words   |  6 Pagesexplain the benefits of mutual trade (Carbaugh, 2008). Many underlying assumptions of comparative advantage depend on states of economic equilibrium and an absence of economy of scale. In reality, economies are dynamic and subject to innovation and interference; which has led to revised assumptions of return and competition (Krugman, 1987). These factors have created questions of free trade and governmental participation in an economy by the development of strategic trade policies. These new conceptsRead MoreIs Free Trade Passà ©? Essay1172 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Free trade is not passà ©, but is an idea that has irretrievably lost its innocence† (Krugman, 1987, p.132). In his arti cle, Is Free Trade Passà ©, Paul Krugman writes that the classical trade theory has been replaced with a new trade theory. The classical trade theory is based on constant returns to scale and perfect competition, is driven by comparative advantage, and endorses free trade. This classical theory emphasized the idea that trade was brought about by differences in tastesRead MoreMajor Trade Theories888 Words   |  4 PagesTrade theories Introduction The concept of absolute advantage is one of the most fundamental areas of concern in the study of economics. In its basic meaning, absolute advantage refers to the ability of one individual or party to produce more of a particular good or service than other competitors given the same amount of resources. In this regard, absolute advantage becomes a very important aspect in the concept of international trade as it clearly defines the different areas where countries shouldRead MoreDoubts Over the Effectiveness of Free Trade Economic Theory Essays727 Words   |  3 PagesPaul Krugman’s article â€Å"Is free trade passà ©?† (1987) espouses the argument that free trade economic theory today is â€Å"more in doubt than at any time since the 1817 publication of Ricardo’s Principles of Political Economy† (p. 131, citing Ricardo, 1821). Ricardo was the first to put forth the theory that â€Å"[t]he value of a commodity, or the quantity of any other commodity fo r which it will exchange, depends on the relative quantity of labour which is necessary for its production, and not on the greaterRead MoreInternational Trade : Economic Activity Of Nations1627 Words   |  7 PagesInternational trade is important to the overall economic activity of nations, including the growth and domestics’ production. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and WTO, international trade has grown remarkably in recent decades as shown in figure 1 and 2. It can be seen that the growth of trade has led into the rapid economic growth in some countries. The reasons of rapid growth in world trade is due to the reduction of trade barriers at global and regionalRead MorePaul Krugman s New Trade Theory1324 Words   |  6 PagesPaul Krugman is well known for his New Trade Theory, International Trade Theory, and for his weekly columns in The New York Times. Krugman has written more than twenty books and textbooks explaining economics for a general audience. Krugman is a Professor of Economics and International Affairs at Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University and Centenary Professor at London School of Economics. What is critical in Krugman’s approach is he united two fields, whichRead MorePaul Krugman s New Trade Theory1144 Words   |  5 PagesPaul Krugman Paul Krugman is well known for his New Trade Theory, International Trade Theory, and for his weekly columns in The New York Times. Krugman has written over a dozen books and textbooks explaining economics for a general audience. Krugman is a Professor of Economics and International Affairs at Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University and Centenary Professor at London School of Economics. What is critical in Krugman’s approach is he united two fieldsRead MoreQuestions On International Trade Theory1332 Words   |  6 Pages201109990 Module name: International business Module code: MKIB 225 Essay question: Why do businesses internationalize? Compare and contrast the various â€Å"standard† theories . Word count: 1051 Why does business internationalize? With the development of international business, countries with the purpose of increasing the variety of local products had been trying best for decades to trade with other nations. Furthermore, international trade theories were developed to explainRead MoreSolution For Contemporary Economic Issues Essay1371 Words   |  6 PagesSolution for Contemporary Economic Issues The economic globalization is known as the growing scale of cross-border trade of goods and services, communication, and transportation because of Strengthening economies of a group of countries (Shangquan, 2000). Recently, many countries have encountered new types of economic problems, which is related to economic globalization. To master these problems, economists adopted two general types of economic theories. The first theory is protectionism, which isRead MoreWhy Do Business Internationalise?. International Trade1181 Words   |  5 PagesWhy do business internationalise? International trade can be traced back to ancient years. Our ancestors, with the purpose of increasing the variety of local products, had been trying their best for decades to trade cross border. With the development of international business, international trade theories was developed to explain the benefit nations can get from utilizing free trade pattern and participating in the multilateral trade via opening up strategy by eliminating import control, export

Important Factors For Life - 1029 Words

Kaylyn Nelson Mrs. Parsons English 11 January 4, 2017 Important Factors Needed in Life Respect, responsibility, and effort are all common factors you need to be successful in life. If you don’t respect others there is a great chance that you won’t be successful in your work. You need to be responsible because if you are then you also won’t be successful in your work or in school or even anything you try to do. Always put in effort towards what you need and want to do in life or how do you expect yourself to be successful? I know that I wouldn’t expect myself to be successful without putting in some effort. Now lets figure out what each word means and how they are a part of everyday life. Then we will see how they are different from each†¦show more content†¦Responsibility is the same everywhere you go. People may do things to be responsible in different ways but it is all the same concept and you need to be strict with responsibility or you won’t go far in life. Responsibilities that you have in school are probably a little different in each class that you go to. Some teachers are really laid back and chill but then you’ve got the teachers that are like nazis about everything. Either way though you need to be responsible and do your assignments that they give to you. High School rules are a little less strict than college rules unless you are taking college preparation classes. For an example most high school classes accept late work and let students retake test but when you get into college they don’t accept late work and don’t allow you to retake tests. So if you aren’t responsible and do your work on time or study for an important test than you probably won’t get all that far in life. You will never learn to be on time with things. Effort is a vigorous or determined attempt. Effort is all on you. No one can put in the effort for you. They could put in effort to help you but if you don’t have your own effort you can’t ge t anywhere successful. The amount of effort you put into your work determines how far and how successful you get in life. Effort in schools is shown by studying for important tests, how hard you try on your homework, or even how hard you try to get help whenShow MoreRelatedMy family has been an important factor in my life, and in my education. Over the years, they have600 Words   |  3 PagesMy family has been an important factor in my life, and in my education. Over the years, they have thought me to face my problems, and they have taught me that life is not easy, and that I should never take the easy way out. I have learned many things from my culture like some of the traditions that I was not aware of, and I really enjoy them. I come from an extended family. A family in which relatives such as grandparents, aunts, and uncles live in the same home as parents and their children (Book)Read MoreThe Biggest Influences On Young Adolescents1192 Words   |  5 Pagesfocuses on the factors that influence young adolescents’ religious and spiritual beliefs. The survey can be categorized as my primary source of information, which I can utilize to obtain information and gain a personal perspective on the issue being explored. With the addition of several secondary sources, more information in regards to the issue can be obtained to further explore the issue. In modern society, religion and spirituality are concepts that are recognized as relatively important and significantRead MoreMidlife Behavior Essay examples1576 Words   |  7 PagesFrom the life course perspective, midlife behavior has both antecedents and consequences. Earlier life experiences can serve either as risk factors or as protective factors for the health and well-being during this stage of development. According to the study Journey from Childhood to Midlife completed by Werner and Ruth Smith in 2001, by middle adulthood, most people have noted a balancing in their lives and improvement in overall quality of their lives. The period of early adulthood had providedRead MoreEstimation Of Emissions At Construction Phase1744 Words   |  7 Pagesemissions depend upon several factors like age of the machine, deterioration, load factor and efficiency of the machine (Colberg et al., 2005). A comprehensive emission study on construction equipment would ideally consider all th ese emissions. Even though the estimation of all these emissions is highly important, attaining the corresponding emission factors can be a challenging task. 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Just as many other addictions, these addictions have psychological, biological, and sociological roots to it. This paper will discuss research findings regarding the main points, roots and underlying reasons of alcohol and drug addictionRead MoreThe Importance of Human Development in Terms of Living Conditions in Different Countries731 Words   |  3 Pagesdevelopment is very important in terms of living conditions in different countries. The statement â€Å"any society committed to improving the lives of its people must also be committed to full and equal rights for all† is true. The UN considers th ree factors to calculate human development in a country. These factors cover many aspects of a country, including social development in a country. Income, education, and healthy living are considered to be the most important factors in human developmentRead MoreCauses Of Population Growth946 Words   |  4 Pagesmany reasons and factors that effected the growth of the demographic. Another factor that caused population growth rapidly was people choose to give birth at younger age. It led to birth rate increase and population increase too. By 1875 Public Health Act introduced: more clean water, more public toilet, more frequently rubbish removal and sewer drain available. It meant that people’s health and sanitation were better. Then life expectancy became longer. From the list of factors, it may has anyRead MoreDoes Personality Correlate With Subjective Well-Being?1345 Words   |  6 PagesIndividuals showing improvements in those traits, over time, will often show compar able enhancement to their well-being. Subjective well-being refers to how an individual evaluates the quality of their life. In simple words, subjective well-being is how well an individual thinks and feels of how well their life is going. Subjective well-being includes the broad concepts of positive and negative emotions and moods. The positive experiences lead to high subjective well-being. 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Television the Downfall of American Society Free Essays

Sean Conway Professor Stevens WRT 102 Essay #2 Television: The Downfall of American Society Televisions have only been around since their debut in the middle of the 20th century and have since become a huge part of everyday life here in America. Originally having good intentions, the television and watching of television in the last couple of decades has changed greatly. The amount of time people spend watching their televisions has also changed in the sense that people spend much more time in front of the television than they used to. We will write a custom essay sample on Television: the Downfall of American Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some argue that television has had a huge negative effect on American families. In her essay, â€Å"Television: The Plug-In-Drug,† Marie Winn explores the ways in which television has lowered the quality of family life, rituals, and values. She recognizes that there is a problem with our society and the way in which it is consistently influenced by television. She shows this when she says, â€Å"Television’s contribution to family life has been an equivocal one,† (Winn 353).Winn is true in saying this because television has caused children across America to have undeveloped intelligence, creativity, and imagination. TV is also detrimental to family life, family relationships, and outside relationships as well. When the television made its first debut in the early to mid 20th century it came with good intentions. This idea of good intention however did not last long with the critics. As early as 1961 the chairman of the Federal Communications Commission referred to television as a â€Å"Vast Wasteland,† (351).Many other critics would come to share in his beliefs about television. There have been numerous books, articles, essays, and research done on the subject of television and its negative effects on children in particular. Marie Winn’s article is just one of many. The amount of time America’s youth spends watching television can be correlated to a decrease in the quality of the lives of children across this nation. As a result of watching too much television, children lack the proper development of intelligence, creativity, and imagination. Parents re so used to the idea of television that they do not think to link it to their family’s problems or issues. Winn mentions a few examples of this issue in her text, one of which being a family of two boys, ages three and seven. The boy’s entire evening after school revolves around their television shows. This same situation appears countless times in households across America. The reason that this is so bad is because when young children are spending all of their free time watching television they do not develop certain characteristics that they should be developing at this age.The children who spend more time in front of the television do not gain the experience that comes from playing sports, being part of a team/club, or getting to have a large group of friends to play and explore new things with. This is why they do not develop certain characteristics which are all important traits to develop, especially at this young age. I know that when I was young, and still to this day, I always loved being outside and playing sports or other activities. I am so thankful for this because I now realize that by spending less time in front of the television I was able to learn so many more useful traits for life. Another aspect of life that television has a negative effect on in this country is family rituals. Family rituals are defined as â€Å"The part of family life that the families like about itself, is proud of, and wants formally to continue,† (354). Family rituals are extremely important because they are unique for the family and in most cases are what keeps a family together and close throughout years and generations.Somehow television has affected these rituals in many households. Winn uses an example of a young woman from Chicago in her article to show this effect. The young woman tells how she comes from a large family that loved getting together over holidays and had many lasting rituals that never failed to appear. Except one year when her family got a television set in their house. This particular year, instead of the usual conversations and game playing the whole family crammed in front of the television to watch a football game.This is a perfect example of family rituals going down the drain due to television. Instead of interacting and having face-to-face conversations, everyone just stared at e screen without conversing at all. This validates Winn’s argument of television having a negative effect across the nation. Television also has a huge effect on not only family relationships but others outside relationships as well. Watching television causes people to get a false sense of reality and when presented with a real world situation do not know what to do or how to act. Winn states that, â€Å"The hours children spend in a one way relationship with television people, an involvement that allows with no communication or interaction, must have some effect with their relationship with real-life people,† (Winn 355). Winn is correct in saying this and in fact she proves it when she supports it with examples. She writes about a teacher who says she has trouble interacting with people after watching television for a few hours. The teacher says that because there was no necessary effort while watching, it was hard to deal with real people who require effort to talk to.Also, â€Å"Studies have been done to show the importance of eye- to-eye contact in real-life relationships,† (355) says Winn, something not required while watching television. This is more evidence to further validate Winn’s argument against television. I was lucky enough to be very involved in sports and other activities to steer me away from television. I noticed from an early age that the children in school who were not athletic and had problems interacting with the other children were also the ones who spent many hours a day watching television or playing games on the television.Thankfully my group of friends were always active and outdoors. Swimming also took up a lot of my time. I still swim today at the collegiate level and I still do not have time for much television. People need to learn that although television is entertaining, there is almost always something better they could be doing. Most of the people living in this nation today were born into television and watching television has been irreplaceably drilled into the minds of Americans and some people would not know how to live a life without it.The reality of television is that it has severely negative effects on people, especially America’s youth who tend to spend way too much time sitting in front of television sets. Marie Winn was able to see the significance in this and writes about it in her article, â€Å"Television: The Plug-In-Drug. † The title speaks for itself; she believes that television has a huge negative effect on quality of life including family life, real-world relationships, character development and many other things as well.She proves her believes true throughout her work and shows the reader just how important it is to limit television viewing, especially for children who are watching more and more television each year. Without these limitations and more face-to-face interactions, this nation’s future may not be a bright one.Work Cited Winn, Marie. â€Å"Television: The Plug in Drug. † Patterns for College Writing: A Rhetorical Reader and Guide. 10th edition. Ed. Laurie G. Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell. New York: Bedford, 2007. How to cite Television: the Downfall of American Society, Papers

Building Project Evaluation Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Building Project Evaluation Management? Answer: Introduction The property is located in Andrew Fairly Avenue, VIC. It is an existing roadway. The valuation of the property is being carried out because of an application from the local municipality of the Greater Shepparton, City council. The main valuation is to be done of the owners freehold interest, given the sale of the property when it is not occupied. The property is controlled by the legal counsil, hence there are no legal issues involved in the same. The valuation is done without considering the GST. The property is an existing roadway known as Andrew Fairly Avenue. It is situated in the north of the Shepparton city. The roadway is a path that passes between the junction of three more important roads and a railway line. Shepparton city is a very popular regional centre that is located in the hearts of the Goulbourn Valley. The area includes many commercial properties and many industries. There are a lot of canneries and milk processing companies in the area. The officially population of the area as per the local municipality will be around 70,000 people. The said property, of which valuation is to be done, lies in this rural centre and is surrounded by many other commercial properties and buildings. Presently the roadway falls under the category two of the industrial zone, but it is assumed that as development will occur, it will be declared as industrial zone 1, in prospects of matching the land beside that is marked as industrial zone 1.(Blackledge, 2016) Basis of Valuation The property can be valued in various ways. The main points to be taken into consideration are the commercial value of the property. The most common method of valuation is a straight link with sale of similar land properties that have similar zoning and affected by more or less same factors. Since the subject, land is a part of the industrial area, but it is as of now utilised as a road. The main reason of considering the land valuation for purpose of sale is that eventually the roadway that now falls in the category of industrial zone 2 will fall in the same category as of the adjoining land property. This is the main assumption, why sale of similar land areas has been considered as the basis of valuation of the roadway even though it falls under the other industrial zone and category.(Parkinson, Hill, Wheal, 2016) With the subject of the given land area, that to use the land for commercial purpose where people can come work and play, the company will need to do many easements and that is not possible. Hence, the only option that the company has is to use the area like a vacant land, as commercial construction is not possible in the area. Since the commercial prospects of the area is less, the only way to sale out the property will be to given a discount on the total sale, as per the industry standard. The average rate of sale of per sqm can be considered$125 per meter, considering the industrial rates and the given discount.(Isaac, Leary, Daley, 2016) This valuation has been done taking into consideration the various aspects of the importance of the area as an important roadway that is connecting the major areas. The comparison of the said property with other similar properties in the area has been taken into consideration to value the property and that are few more encumbrances that is associated with the said property and its valuation. It is assumed that the property will be of great value to anyone who buys it, and the landowner has a great industrial a dvantage. The only thing to be taken care of is the gutters and other paths in the area that might need to be repaired. The total valuation is done taking into consideration a total area of 3,621 sq m. It is important to check the rates and other municipal factors before buying the property(Gupta Tiwari, 2016). Sales Evidences In analysing the commercial prospects of the given property, the value of the similar sites have been taken into consideration and decision is based on the same. It is also indicated that it is just a basis and assumption. The value of sale might vary between the places giving to many other factors like the location and the encumbrances involved in the property. Effort is given to identify properties that are similar to the subject for valuation. However if similar property cannot be traced, then variations are to taken into consideration while analysing the commercial worth of the property(Henneberry, 2017). Conclusion The property in question is an existing roadway that forms the adjoining point many other important commercial areas. The valuation of the land is done, to ascertain the commercial viability of the place given the several factors. A valuation is done to determine the market value of the potential sale of the adjoining land to a potential customer. Even though proper survey has not had been done, the total area has been assumed as 3621 sqm. The valuation is done based on per sqm basis and discount amount is considered, given the place is not commercially viable, as there are lot of encumbrances involved in the property and its up gradation.(Vuuren, 2017) It is important that anyone who is using this report to take their important decisions whether they want to invest in the property or not, takes into consideration the commercial value of the property and also get themselves accustomed with the market value definition. This report is based on assumptions and more or less the surveys t hat are done may fluctuate given many factors is there that affect the market price of the property. It is clearly mentioned that in this appraisal no special treatment is done of nay of the purchaser or the seller. The valuation is done on neutral grounds taking all the factors into consideration that affects both the parties equally. There may be arguments that the owner of the adjoining land areas might have special interest in the property or that the municipality might have special interest for development of the roads and commercial centres. However, all those grounds are abolished, as the valuation is done on neutral grounds. The matters that are foregoing are the major factors that are affecting the commercial value of the property. (Bellman hman, 2016) Subject to all the conditions, discounts, all the encumbrances, and the surveys involved. It is ascertained that the valuation of the property is done to the best of my knowledge and as per the assessment that has been conducted; the value of the property in all the fair proportions will be equal to the value as assessed in the valuation report. Conditions The main basis of valuation is the market value of the similar property and based on the same the value of the property has been determined. If no similar property can be, ascertained then changes and variations are allowed to ascertain the value of the said subject land area. The definition of market value is that estimated amount at which a probable buyer and the seller are ready to exchange the property among them, taking into consideration all the other factors that might affect the value of such property(Crosby Henneberry, 2016). The major assumptions that has been taken in the valuation process are 1) A willing seller and buyer 2) That the property is for sale in the open market 3) That no special interest is involved of either of the parties and that valuation is done on neutral grounds 4) That other factors that might have affected the valuation are static during the period of valuation and does not change. The rental value at which the owner is ready to lend out the property is also to be taken into consideration. The standard definition of the market rentals is to be taken into consideration before taking major decisions regarding letting out the property for commercial purposes. Environmental Risk Assessment Based on our valuation and examination of site, there are no signs of nay contamination that might affect the health of the environment. There are no proposals to include the property in any of the contamination register by any local party or community. There are no environmental problems in the area and hence it is clean from any kind of risk and hazards. No residual chemicals or harsh products are used in the district. The only kind of activity that might cause some problems is the treatment of wood and other termite control along the lines of transmission. If there are any chances of any hazardous product being present in the building, survey of the building must be done thoroughly. (Furfine, Lo, Kamerling, 2017) Limiting Conditions The valuers have stated clearly that there is no past present or future interest in the property . All the valuation is done on neutral grounds taking all the important factors affecting the property value into consideration. If there are any encumbrances that have not been covered in the report and that might affect the commercial value of the property, must be informed to the valuation team immediately. The valuation team is certified and have the qualification for carrying out the stated activities, and they have conducted the same to the best of their knowledge. The valuation has been done on the basis of the valuation principles and all the major provisions related to valuation of commercial property have been followed clearly. This valuation report will not take into consideration any kind of environmental hazards that the area may impose till it is specifically mentioned and proved. The report has been generated to the best of the knowledge of the valuation team. Any changes will not take place, till proper scrutiny has been done in that regard. The valuation is at the current date vlaution only, it will not be reflecting any changes that might occur after the current date and the same shall not be reflected in the valuation report, and the valuation team will not be responsible for nay changes that might occur after the current date of valuation. The same is reflected clearly in the valuation report(Salzman Zwinkels, 2017). References Bellman, L., hman, P. (2016). Authorised property appraisers perceptions of commercial property valuation. Journal of Property Investment Finance , 34 (3), 225-248. Blackledge, M. (2016). Introducing Property Valuation. NEW YORK: Routledge. Crosby, N., Henneberry, J. (2016). Financialisation, the valuation of investment property and the urban built environment in the UK. Urban Studies , 53 (7). Furfine, C., Lo, S., Kamerling, D. (2017). Golden Opportunity: Commercial Real Estate Valuation. Kellogg School of Management Cases . Gupta, A., Tiwari, P. (2016). Investment risk scoring model for commercial properties in India. Journal of Property Investment Finance , 34 (2), 156-171. Henneberry, J. (2017). Transience and Permanence in Urban Development. UK: WILEY PUBLISHER. Isaac, D., Leary, J., Daley, M. (2016). Property Development. UK: PALGRAVE. Parkinson, A., Hill, S., Wheal, R. (2016). An income-based analysis of the value premise for property energy performance. Energy , 106, 162-169. Salzman, D., Zwinkels, R. (2017). Behavioral Real Estate. Journal of Real Estate Literature , 25 (1), 77-106. Vuuren, D. (2017). "Modified sales comparison method: valuing under (un)certainty". Journal of Property Investment Finance , 35 (1), 101-110.

The Philosophical Society free essay sample

A comparison between Comtes, Socrates and Rousseaus philosophies on society. This paper compares and contrasts Comtes Positivism Theory from his writings in Great Being Humanity to Socrates theories from The Republic, Machiavellis theories from The Prince, and Rousseaus theories from A Discourse on Inequality. The author analyzes these philosophers ideals on society and justice and examines the way these ideals differ. The idea of society and justice has been central to many philosophical discussions. There has not only been great debate in elation to the positivism and natural aspect of the working society. The philosophers discussed below look at the working of justice and society. The starting point for the purpose of this paper is Comtes theory of positivism. A trend in bourgeois philosophy which declares natural (empirical) sciences to be the sole source of true knowledge and rejects the cognitive value of philosophical study. We will write a custom essay sample on The Philosophical Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Positivism emerged in response to the inability of speculative philosophy (e.g. Classical German Idealism) to solve philosophical problems which had arisen as a result of scientific development.

Berenguela of Castile

Berenguela of Castile About Berenguela of Castile Known for: role in the succession of Castile and Leon; regent of Castile for her brother Enrique I Occupation: briefly, queen of LeonDates: January/June 1, 1180 - November 8, 1246Also known as: Berengaria of Castile More About Berenguela of Castile Berenguela was born to King Alfonso VIII of Castile and Eleanor Plantagenet, Queen of Castile. An arranged marriage to Conrad II of Swabia did not happen; he was murdered in 1196 before the marriage was held. Berenguelas Marriage In 1197, Berenguela was married instead to Alfonso IX of Leon, her dowry including lands were settlement of a conflict between Leon and Castile. In 1198, the Pope excommunicated the couple on grounds of consanguinity. The couple had five children before they dissolved the marriage in 1204 to remove their excommunication. Berenguela moved back to her fathers Castilian court, with her children. Berenguela and Castile When her father, Alfonso VIII, died in 1214, her mother Eleanors grief was so great that Berenguela had to handle the burial of Alfonso. Eleanor died less than a month after her husband did. Berenguela then became regent for her young brother, Enrique (Henry) I. Enrique died in 1217, killed by a falling roof tile. Berenguela, the eldest daughter of Alfonso VIII, renounced her own claim to the throne in favor of her son, Ferdinand III, later to be canonized as Saint Ferdinand. Berenguela and Alfonso IX - Battles Over Succession Berenguelas former husband, Alfonso IX, believed he had the right to rule Castile, and he attacked Berenguela and Ferdinand who won the battle. Berenguela and Alfonso IX also fought over who would succeed Alfonso in Leon. He wanted his daughters by his first wife to be preferred in the succession. Alfonso tried to marry one of these elder daughters to John of Brienne, a French nobleman and crusader who had been named King of Jerusalem. But John selected instead Berenguela of Leon, a daughter of Alfonso by his second wife Berenguela of Castile. Some of their descendents became Englands House of Lancaster. Unification Under Ferdinand When Alfonso IX of Leon died in 1230, Ferdinand and his mother Berenguela negotiated a settlement with Ferdinands half-sisters, and he brought Leon and Castile together. Berenguela of Castile remained an active advisor of her son, Ferdinand III. Background, Family: Mother: Eleanor, Queen of Castile, a daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of AquitaineFather: Alfonso VIII of CastileSiblings included: Urraca of Castile, Queen of Portugal; Blanche of Castile, Queen of France; Mafalda; Constanza; Eleanor of Castile; Enrique (Henry) I of Castile Marriage, Children: Husband: King Alfonso IX of Leon (married 1197-1204)Children:EleanorFerdinand IIIAlfonsoBerengariaConstance

Business Model Assessment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business Model Assessment - Assignment Example vity, for stabilising emergent properties from creative activities and for maintaining the stability of these by anticipating revenues (Fuller T, 2010). This shows that while it is important to have a vision and mission for any organization, it is also equally important to ensure that the same is valid and headed to the same direction. The Business Model Canvas is one of the strategic management tools that is essential for the development of both new, and existing business models to ensure that there is proper running of the same. The model is able to bring forward various value propositions to ensure that the infrastructure, finance and customers are all catered for in the best way possible. This, according to Osterwalder (2010), helps a company to deal with the various trades-offs that are expected to be run within the whole business. On the other hand, Boyd R. Keenan (Dec, 1961) has been a keen critic of the religious following of the various business model. The author thinks that there is no one unique way that the business would be able to develop a tailor-made solution for all its processes. This means that while the business models may be very important, they need to be followed with great care as they do not provide a one stop solution for all the problems that affect the business. The models should not be followed blindly with an effort to achieving whatever objectives set. This may not be so easy to achieve. There is need to exercise caution when it comes to how models are adopted. The business model canvas can be represented by the illustration below. This marks the main outline of the canvas model where one needs to insert the various models just to act as the guide for the said process of analysis. This section seeks to determine who are in the business and it incorporates the structure of the organization. It is often said that for any business to be able to play well in the market, their connections are very key. Tapscott and Williams, (2006)

Revitalization & Tradition and Continuity & Perseverance and Essay

Revitalization & Tradition and Continuity & Perseverance and Transmutation - Essay Example Most religion see rebirth as a full membership to the religion. Rebirth can be done in so many ways; the first way is through initiation. When one undergoes some traditional methods of initiation he is considered to be mature and so moves from being a junior member of the religion to a senior member of the religion. By so doing the person is seen to have crossed the line from childhood to maturity and can do a lot of things including marriage. Some religions also baptize their members through fire and some through water and others through different methods. When this is done then the new member is now considered to be reborn and to have changed from the old self to the new self (OlupoÃŒ £na, 1991). A lot of traditions are still practiced by the modern African religions. Traditional activities such as circumcision that used to be done as an initiation process in the past are today done by the modern African religious sects as a religious activity and not as a traditional activity. Other activities such as worshiping objects have been turned into a religious practice whereas the same activities were done in the past as a cultural activity. Many activities that were done in the past as cultural activities have been replaced as religious activities. This shows that the African religion is in a way trying to preserve the traditional African culture by making them look as if the activities are religious. This is mainly done to make people to accept the culture and not consider the activities to be primitive as is always the case with most traditional African cultures (OlupoÃŒ £na, 1991). In most African traditional myths, death and suffering is as a result of sin that was caused by human disobedience. To them suffering is for all men and will only stop to the good people, the people who do good while they are still alive. When these people die they will be transformed into other people who will suffer no more. However to all those

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 14

Ethics - Essay Example Similarly theory of circular logic postulates that the conclusion is almost identical to its hypothesis. A. Psychological egoism explains that the determining motive of every voluntary action is a desire for ones own welfare. The fallacy exists in this theory because this theory believes that others conceal their motive just for gaining self benefit which is not at all true in several contexts. Another fallacy lies in hasty generalization. For example, several people conduct their duty when their self-interest lies elsewhere and help someone in need without thinking of self-gain. Some people will follow religious precepts without personal benefit. Some people will even act against their self-interest so that they can follow their conscience. They do whats right even though they wont personally benefit. The concept of ethical egoism being consistent and complete are strong points. This holds good in several contexts. Universal ethical egoism, individual ethical egoism, and rule based ethical egoism can be considered as strong versions as they explain the logical basis for personal actions. Weak version of ethical egoism: However the concept of ethical egoism  is incomplete in several contexts which is its weak point. In those occasions ethical egoism is  mistaken in truth or inconsistent or incomplete. Ethical egoism is contradictory because it evaluates the same act as both right and wrong i.e. the concept is mistaken in truth; it is inconsistent. Ethical egoism is defined as an inherent desire to perform altruistic acts where as psychological egoism is defined as an inherent selfishness of all acts. Ethical egoism differs from psychological egoism mostly on account of the various ways of viewing altruism (EN 1 and EN 2). Ethical egoism prioritizes on what ought to be, rather than what is where as psychological egoism gives more importance to â€Å"what is†. Several theories of motivation were postulated and they

Measurement of Anti-proliferative Activity Experiment

Measurement of Anti-proliferative Activity Experiment Human cancer cell lines A549 (Lung carcinoma), MCF-7 (Breast adenocarcinoma), DU 145 (Prostate carcinoma), DLD-1 (Colorectal adenocarcinoma), FaDu (squamous cell carcinoma of pharynx) were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), USA. These cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and antibiotic combinations in 5% CO2 humidified atmosphere at 37 0C. A colorimetric sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay was used for the measurement of anti-proliferative activity as described before (Adaramoye et al., 2011; Fricker and Buckley, 1995; Keepers et al., 1991; Skehan et al., 1990). It is the second major technique for testing and is the more preferred. This basically depends on the incur of the negatively charged pink amino xanthine dye, sulphorhodamine B (SRB) through basic amino acids in the cells. The released dye will give a more intense colour and more absorbance, when the number of cells and amount of dye is taken up is greater, after fixing, when the cells are lysed, (Skehan et al., 1990). The SRB assay is sensitive, simple, reproducible and more rapid than the formazan-based assays and gives better linearity, a good signal-to-noise ratio and has a stable end-point that does not require a time-sensitive measurement, as do the MTT or XTT assays (Fricker and Buckley, 1995; Keepers et al., 1991). Ten thousand cells were seeded to each well of 96-well plate, grown overnight and exposed to test samples at 100  µg/ml concentration for 48 h. Cells were then fixed with ice-cold tri-chloro acetic acid (50% w/v, 50 µl/well), stained with SRB (0.4% w/v in 1% acetic acid, 50 µl/well), washed and air dried. Bound dye was dissolved in 150 ÃŽ ¼L of 10mM Tris base and plates were read at 510 nm absorbance (Epoch Microplate Reader, Biotek, USA). Anti-proliferative activity of test samples was calculated as: % inhibition in cell growth = [100-(Absorbance of compound treated cells/ Absorbance of untreated cells)] x100. Principal component analysis PCA was carried out based on the contents of eighteen bioactive compounds in fruits and leaves of five Cassia species, using STATISTICA 7.0 software. When the contents of investigated compounds were below the quantitation limit or not detected in the samples, the values of such elements were considered to be zero. Results and discussion Optimization of chromatographic and MS/MS conditions Complete separation of proximate analytes is certainly not required for MS/MS detection. In this study, chrysophanic acid and emodin are having same product ion, while catechin and epicatechin are having same precursor and product ion. Therefore, mobile phase was optimized using different compositions of solvents and adjusting their gradient elution for separation of all the compounds. Acetonitrile possesses stronger elution ability in comparison to methanol, which shortens the elution time and thus selected for this method. On the basis of the polarity of anthraquinones, phenolics, flavonoids and terpenoids in the extracts of Cassia species samples, an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 mm Ãâ€" 50 mm, 1.7 µm; Waters, Milford, MA) column was selected for their separation, which was more suitable for acidic mobile phase with smoother baseline in the separation as compared to other tested columns. Compared with acetic acid, formic acid was found more effective for ionization of compounds det ected in the negative ESI mode. Thus, different concentration strengths (0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%) of formic acid were investigated, and finally 0.1% formic acid concentration was selected for analysis. Therefore, optimized gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min with the column temperature of 30 °C resulted in separation of the 18 compounds in less than 8 min chromatographic run time. All the compound dependent MS parameters (precursor ion, product ion, declustering potential (DP) and collision energy (CE) were carefully optimized for each targeted compound in negative ESI mode, which was performed by flow injection analysis (FIA). The chemical structures of 18 components were characterized based on their retention behaviour and MS information such as quasimolecular ions [M-H], fragment ions [M-H-COO], [M-H-COO-CH3], [M- CO-H2O] compared to related standards and literatures (Pandey et al., 2014; Wei et al., 2013; Xia et al., 2011; Yu et al., 2009). MRM parameters: DP, EP, CE and CXP were optimized to achieve the most abundant, specific and stable MRM transition for each compound as shown in Table 1. MRM extracted ion chromatogram of analytes are shown in Fig. 1. Analytical Method Validation The proposed UPLC-MRM method for quantitative analysis was validated according to the guidelines of international conference on harmonization (ICH, Q2R1) by linearity, LOQs and LODs, precision, solution stability, and recovery. Linearity, LOD and LOQ The internal standard method was employed to calculate the contents of eighteen analytes in Cassia species. The stock solution was diluted with methanol to different working concentrations for the construction of calibration curves. The linearity of calibration was performed by the analytes-to-IS peak area ratios versus the nominal concentration and the calibration curves were constructed with a weight (1/x2) factor by least-squares linear regression. The applied calibration model for all curves was y = a x + b, where y = peak area ratio (analyte/IS), x = concentration of the analyte, a = slope of the curve and b = intercept. The LODs and LOQs were measured with S/N of 3 and 10, respectively as criteria. The results were listed in Table 1. All the calibration curves indicated good linearity with correlation coefficients (r2) from 0.9990 to 0.9999 within the test ranges. The LODs for each analyte varied from 0.02-1.34 ng/mL and LOQs from 0.06-3.88 ng/ml and were much lower than those obtained with previous HPLC methods (Chewchinda et al., 2012; Chewchinda et al., 2014; Chewchinda et al., 2013; Ni et al., 2009; Prakash et al., 2007). Precision, Stability and Recovery The intra-day and inter-day variations, for the determination of precision of the developed method, were evaluated by determining the eighteen analytes in six replicates on a single day and by duplicating the experiments over three successive days. The overall intra-day and inter-day precision were not more than 3.37 %. Stability of sample solutions stored at room temperature was evaluated by replicate injections at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. The RSDs value of stability of the eighteen analytes ≠¤ 3.19 %. A recovery test was applied to evaluate the accuracy of this method. Three different concentration levels (high, middle and low) of the analytical standards were added into the samples. Three replicates were performed at each level. The percentage recoveries were calculated according to the following equation: (detected amount–original amount) Ãâ€" 100% / added amount. The analytical method developed had good accuracy with overall recovery in the range from 97.75-105.09 % (RSD ≠¤ 2.42 %) for all analytes (Table 1).

The Plight of Genetically Engineered Food Essay -- Analysis, Ronald an

I was one of those people who believed that there was something chemical or artificial about genetic engineering. To be quite honest, I had never really thought about the process of GE and I think that is the problem with the average consumer. After reading the book Tomorrow’s Table by Pamela C. Ronald and Raoul W. Adamchak, I realized just how far my perception was from the truth. Genetic engineering is directly related to organic farming, which strives to create more nutritious, better tasting food without the use of chemicals. The book describes organic farming as â€Å"better farming through biology† through the use of living organism (Ronald & Adamchak, 13). The widely accepted method of farming in the US involves using chemicals like pesticides and fertilizers. It is strange to think that we, as a society, have become so accustomed to consuming foods exposed to pesticides, yet many are unwilling to eat GE foods. Genetic engineering has been used for over thirty ye ars without any evidence of harming anyone. Over one billion acres of GE crops have been grown and distributed throughout the world without a single legitimate case of health risk (Ronald & Adamchack, 52). This is in contrast to pesticides, again a widely accepted presence in farming, which is believed to poison (and sometimes kill) several thousand people each year, albeit, mostly farmers who have a more direct exposure (Ronald & Adamchak, 87). It is unsettling how little attention is paid to a chemical presence which has been documented to harm, whereas genetic engineering, a biological process is feared and unfairly judged. I am sure this peculiar result is due to how little the average person understands about genetic engineering of food, and the way it has been pres... ... people; the right people, so that it can achieve the most good for the largest amount of people. Without proper government involvement and implementation to ensure farmers and consumers benefit, the development of such technology has little use (Ronald & Adamchak, 150). This technology needs to be directed at the public good, and not private interests of corporations. Tomorrow’s Table helped me understand a lot about genetic engineering that I did not previously. I think this book would be an excellent resource for those who are unaware of the process and about GE foods. I think that overall, based on what I have read, GE technology is a positive tool that can help solve or at least alleviate many of the problems we will face in the coming fifty years and beyond. This is farming for the next phase of our society and I think is crucial in order for it to thrive.

German Culture: Past and Present Essay

German Culture: Past and Present is a book written by Ernest Belfort Bax. It was originally published in 1915 by McBride, Nast, & Company of New York. The current edition most widely circulated was published by Kessinger Publications, LLC, Kila, MT, in 2008. Kessinger Publications specialize in reprints of old books that are public domain and maintains copyright over the works. Bax was born in Britain and was a socialist journalist and philosopher. Ironically his political view as a socialist was important to this book. It assisted him in his efforts to observe German society of the period covered as the governments of the various feudal and bureaucratic forms have always leaned toward socialism. His credentials that add authority to writing this particular book include his studying of German philosophy while actually living in Germany. This gave him a close proximity to the birthplaces of German culture and thought – necessary prerequisites for the preparation of this book. Additionally his familiarity with the German language offer significance to his readers as he interprets historical documents for them. The thesis of this book is to provide a fairly detailed overview of the social and intellectual development of German culture from the medieval period all the way to the modern times (keeping in mind that the ‘modern times’ to this author extended only to the early 1900s). Its secondary point is the more thorough exposition of the earlier part of the culture nearly at the expense of the later period. The author felt that less was known about that era in German history as compared to the modern times and wished to begin to educate ‘modern’ readers about that important foundation. His concern reflected in this thesis is that the earlier times and its documents are difficult to access and properly read, while the times closer to the modern day have been reflected in more widely available forms. Bax develops his thesis in chronological fashion and depends heavily upon some of his earlier writings on the history of Germany. This consolidates his earlier views in one tome which can be more easily understood when presented together in this order. In addition to the simple chronological development of his thesis, Bax refers frequently to the thorough historical treatment of the times as opposed to the personality centered treatment. He supports his thesis by disproving the personality style by demonstrating the broader historical style. Examples include dismissing the Martin Luther-focused interpretation of the Reformation, instead offering the larger events and people that surrounded those events (p. 43). Bax’s commentary on the significance of culture upon the success and failure of individuals begins with Martin Luther and the Reformation. By concentrating on the surrounding historical events and people, he sets the stage for the influences beyond the personalities that enabled their success – in the case of Luther. Similarly Bax describes the success of the Peasant’s Rebellion/War as being dependent upon the culture created by earlier revolts like Franz Sickingen’s (p. 117). These two examples effectively show how Bax as an author ensures that the cultural parts of the book are always the first and foremost consideration; the impact this culture had upon events and people is always secondary to that thought. It is extremely difficult to argue with Bax’s thesis. It is entirely an objective and well ordered writing of a lengthy period of German history. In particular, the reliance of individuals and events upon the general developing culture of the times leaves little room to doubt his conclusions. It is a well presented thesis and the only detriment to it may be its long-windedness. That same breadth and pace, however, also lend academic credence to the book as a whole. ? References Bax, E. B. (2008). German Culture: Past and Present. Kila, MT: Kessinger.

Mares Tail and MacKerel Scales in Weather Folklore

Mare's Tail and MacKerel Scales in Weather Folklore Mackerel scales and mare’s tails make lofty ships carry low sails. If you have no idea what this means, you are not alone. Weather proverbs and folklore are being technologically ousted from our everyday vocabulary. In the past, people looked towards nature for clues to ever-changing weather patterns. The Meaning of the Weather Proverb In the past, people looked at the  weather and related it to something in their lives. For instance, cloud types are often described by their shapes in the sky. The mare’s tails are wispy cirrus clouds while the mackerel scales are small clumpy altocumulus clouds resembling fish scales in the sky. In the days of large sailing ships, this meant a storm would be approaching soon and the sails should be lowered to protect from the accompanying high winds. How Has Technology Changed Weather Folklore? Today, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the Dial-A-Buoy program. Part of the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) the program is designed to give sailors advanced meteorological and oceanographic data. A sailor can literally call for data from a series of buoys all around the world. Dial-A-Buoy will give anyone wind speed and direction, wave height, dew point, visibility, and temperature are updated hourly and available for analysis. With access by phone or the Internet, the relay center at the NASA Stennis Space Center in Mississippi generates a computer voice which will report the current information. With over a million hits a month and countless calls to the center, the NDBC is changing how we use weather information. Need to know the weather? Forget mackerel scales! Todays folklore is all about innovation. Are Mackerel Scales and Mares Tails Good Predictors of Approaching Storms? In short, yes. The cloud systems that develop prior to a storm will often appear clumpy and wispy like a fish scale or horsetail!

Autism Children Education Inclusion Policy in Private Schools Compulsory Enrollment Policy 2011

Autism Children Education Inclusion Policy in Private Schools Compulsory Enrollment Policy 2011 The inception of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) has raised debates on the right method to provide quality, reliable, and talent nurturing/growth education. The United States of America has enacted free basic education to children with special needs; however, some parents have opted to have their children in private schools.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Autism Children Education Inclusion Policy in Private Schools: Compulsory Enrollment Policy 2011 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Private schools are managed as individual or corporation businesses with the motive of earning profits; their motive discriminates against children with special needs as they need much attention that might be costly to the institution. The low enrollment of children with special needs the United States private schools have created a deficit in the facilities required (Hines, 2008). This report details a policy to c ompel private schools to have facilities that can accommodate children with autism, the policy will be called â€Å"Compulsory Enrollment Policy 2011†. Rationale for the policy identifying interests Autism Spectrum disorder (ASD) or Pervasive Developmental Disorders or just Autism is the umbrella name given to range of neurodevelopment disorders; the condition affects children and can hardly be cured or reversed. According to Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) autism can affects people of different races, social class, nationalities, and ethnicity however girls are at a higher risk to contract the disease than boys. Although the children might have some mental retardation, they have been blessed with some talents; skills, intellectual capacity, and intelligence that can be natured for to assist them earn a living. Although it is the decision of the parent to enroll his/her child in a private school, since the government has committed to look into the interests of the children, it should enact a policy that will facilitate reimbursement of tuition and special handling fees paid by the parent.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When private schools have been compelled to have modification and accommodation programs for children with autism, then the access to education will be improved. High enrollment of the child means that it can be accommodated in the community with ease can get quality education like any other child, and the rights of the child have been respected. Although the act will be compelling private schools to be offering the service, it will be sensitive in that a minimum number. The policy recommends that every facility should have facilities that can accommodate at-least five children with autism in every stage. When intellectually upright children interact with children with autism, they learn to accommodate them and understand their way of living; with the boosted understanding, the society becomes well integrated with mutual understandings among people. Students with disability have a low self esteem and believe that they are less important to their peers. When they are segregated, they are likely to hate themselves more and even blame their condition on situations. The increased/ enhanced self esteem will assist the child in later developments in life as well as to realize its potential and talents. On the part of ordinary students they will understand the condition of the disabled and change their perception towards them this is when they interact freely and won’t find them as societal outskirts. What the policy addresses The policy aims at increasing enrollment rate of children with autism in private schools it offers some guidelines on how the schools should handle children with autism. The following are the main areas will be addressed by the policy: Prohibited Private schools wil l be prohibited from ignoring the needs of children suffering from autism; they will be compelled by the act to have facilities that can accommodate at least five children with autism in every grade. To enforce the action, when registering a facility, the register of private schools in a district will visit the facility and ensure the facilities are intact.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Autism Children Education Inclusion Policy in Private Schools: Compulsory Enrollment Policy 2011 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Discouraged The law/policy will discourage private school owners to take advantage of parents of children with autism by charging them high fees. The government will put a cap to the highest amount that can be charged as fees to a parent. With Supreme Court ruling in the Forest Grove School District v. T.A. case June 2009, parents will be able to get reimbursement from the government of private and speci al needs fees paid to private schools. Required The policy will make it a legal requirement that before licensing a private school, it has fulfilled the requirements under the law which will among other involve having facilities that can accommodate autism children. Encouraged To handle children with autism, private schools will be encouraged to liaise with their district education coordinators where they can get qualified teachers. In the event they get the teachers from the ministry, the teachers will be paid by the government if they are providing services solely to children with autism. Range of implications When the facility policy has been enacted, the government through the ministry of education will have the responsibility of ensuring that all private schools currently registered have the facilities. For newly registered schools, it will become a law that they need to have the facilities before getting the operating license. The policy will increase the accessibility of educ ation to children with disability; they will be accommodated by the education system prevailing in the county/district. Social interaction and breeding together of autism children and intellectually upright children boosts understanding and social interaction among them. The end is a society well blend and integrated. The United States government has the yearly license renewal of private schools as the weapon to enforce compliance with the policy. In the event that a certain private school has been found not to be complying with the policy, its operating license will not be renewed. Renewal will only be affected when the school has complied and a fine equal to the amount used on compliance charged as fine of non compliance. The ministry of education will have the responsibility of enforcing, evaluating, and revising the policy as required by the law.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More How the policy will meet the needs of your constituencies Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) require that children with disability be accommodated in normal education system, the act makes to a right that the children should be educated and assisted to develop their intellectualism. With the new policy, there will be an increased access to education facilities to autism children; with high access, children will more likely get quality education. Other than the students, parent will have peace of mind as their children can be educated at the nearest school whether public or private; with the ruling of Supreme Court ruling in the Forest Grove School District v. T.A. case in June 2009, parents will have the chance to be reimbursed the expenses they incur with their autism children in private schools, this will boost their economic situation. Another group that is likely to benefit are intellectually up-right children, they will get a chance to interact and learn way of life of autism children. The learning is important for bonding and forming a well integrated community (Brownell, Sindelar, Kiely Danielson, 2010). Risk level of adopting and implementing your policy When enacting a new policy in any field, there are hick-ups and challenges that need to be addressed. The policy is likely to get high resistance from private schools operators who are likely to feel that their right to capitalism and free business has been interfered with by the government. The private schools association body is likely to offer counter statement and rules in the efforts to ensure the policy fails to be implemented. The costs that will be borne by the government are likely to affect the development in the country. There is the risk of shifting focus from intellectually up-right children who are likely to have more capacity than the autistic ones (Brownell, Sindelar, Kiely Danielson, 2010). How adopting this Policy will affect your leadership responsibilities When the policy has been adopted, it will call for the co-operation of the government, parents, and private schools administrations. School head when making decisions and strategies for their schools will consider the presence of autism children in their facilities; this will affect decisions like human resources planning and facility developments. Schools heads will need to have effective school-system accommodation and modification procedures to facilitate smooth learning of children with autism. References Brownell, M., Sindelar, P., Kiely, M., Danielson, L. (2010). Special Education Teacher Quality and Preparation: Exposing Foundations, Constructing a New Model. Exceptional Children, 76(3), 357. Hines, T. (2008). Making Collaboration Work in Inclusive High School Classrooms Recommendations for Principals. Intervention in School and Clinic 43 (5): 277–282.

5 minute informative speech on a theme of peace or justice Essay

5 minute informative speech on a theme of peace or justice - Essay Example God created the world and humans drew the boundaries. Sometimes in the name of religion and sometimes to show that one is mightier than the other, wars are always the worst face of our civilization. As we proceed we will discuss the reasons the consequences of war and what is the role of every individual in making this world a better place to live? The current obstacle in today’s world is the terrorism, the biggest threat to the world peace. The word terror or terrorism is derived from the Latin verb terrere meaning to cause to tremble. Terrorism is being used as a tool in the name of religion to fulfil political motives or to gain criminal motives. Wars do not bring justice but justice always has the potential to curb the greatest wars. The recent war in Afghanistan boasted to bring democracy in the country and liberate it’s women, but we see no difference in the state even now, people are still living in terror and most of the people have gained nothing but underwent grief of losing their homes and loved ones. It’s not that peace is impossible to achieve, people like Kofi Annan, Jim Carter are doing great efforts in this regard but sustainable peace can develop only when it is within the people, the elements who are distracted and hamper the peace are actually disturbed within, until they learn to to be peaceful within they will always cause grief and misery. The nuclear weapon age has brought human civilization on the extremities of destruction. Terrorism around the world is acting as a hurdle in the way of peaceful coexistence of different cultures around the world. In this situation the world remains threatened by the possibilities of more wars and destruction. Conditions worsen when countries involve in solving problems through means of wars. It’s not that the cause of wars arise out of selfish motives and political gains but it is either true that most of the times the scenario is usually this. Peace and

The effect of advertisement on consumer behaviour Research Paper

The effect of advertisement on consumer behaviour - Research Paper Example Literature Review The review of literature of the effects of consumer behavior on advertisements have been done with the review of the several factors that guides the consumer behavior and the influence of advertisements in catalyzing those factor that stimulate consumer behavior and decision making for purchase of products and services. The aspect of consumer behavior encompasses the response of the customers from the point of viewing the product to the point of making decision for purchasing it and then going beyond to value the experience after purchase to decide on the acceptability of the product in the long term. The decision making aspect is the most important part of consumer behavior which is influenced by the advertisers through their attempt for promotion of the product and service in the market (Hutt and  Speh 67). The first step that the consumers go through after seeing the product and the service is the recognition of need of the product for use in future. Once the c onsumer has recognized the need of the product, it is considered by them for the purpose of evaluation. In this stage the consumer studies the various options available and the substitutes of the product in the market. In order to judge the aspect of the value for money, the consumer behavior takes into account the relative cost and benefits of the purchase. By comparing the competitor products and the substitutes, the consumers decide to purchase the product based on the several characteristic features which are unique to different age groups of the consumers. These features of the products that influence the consumer behavior and the decision making for purchase are the quality, price, durability, guarantee, discounts, post-sale service... This "The effect of advertisement on consumer behavior" essay outlines how advertisements have influenced the consumer behavior of the young population of Qatar. The consumer behavior of the age group of 18-26 years in Qatar and the effects of advertisements on the consumer behavior of the said age group has been analyzed as follows. Qatar has attracted international investments in the various sectors of the economy and the top retail chains in Qatar have identified this opportunity to set up establishments and expand their business in Qatar. The big names that have tapped the potential consumer demands in Qatar are Carrefour, Marks and Spencer, etc. In this highly competitive market, advertisements by these companies have played a crucial role in influencing the consumer behavior in Qatar. The analysis of the consumers of Qatar in the age group of 18-26 years reveal that this target customer segment is young and energetic which follows the latest changes in the technological advance ments and is aware of the value for money spent for purchase of products. The analysis of the sample questionnaires reveal that the consumers of the age group of 18-26 years in Qatar closely follow the advertisements of the products that they use. These consumers in the Qatari market prefer to socialize with the products by identifying as the best possible option that would satisfy their needs. These consumers are updated with the happenings of the market and even follow the advertisements of the products that they do not use (Kozami 94).

Identify one or two coaching or organization challenges significant Research Proposal

Identify one or two coaching or organization challenges significant enough to be the focus of your project - Research Proposal Example In addition, the program is the foremost sports program meant to enhance the life of participants through the game of baseball. In my view, the rating of the program may be placed at 4 on the rating scale of 1 to 5. This is largely found on the view of what is required to aid, manage, and run a local RBI program assisted by volunteer managers or coaches, local financers, sponsors, and most significantly parents or guardians. The Charleston South Carolina Reviving Baseball in Inner Cities Baseball Program aims for brilliance through the mission of the program, which is to promote a diversified minority environment for youth and adults which is accommodating, demanding, friendly, fun and safe. It aims to endure that self-confidence can be nurtured as individuals grow and expand their skills in a wholesome surrounding off and on the field through the game of baseball. Through the mission, there has been a rise in interest, in the program, this year from a large number of participants of diverse backgrounds. As the Director of the program, I have attempted to recruit additional Historically Black Colleges and Universities coaches situated in the state of South Carolina, and hold an interest in recruiting young ones in the RBI program instead of recruiting children from different states. In addition, I aspire to see more professional and college scouts at our yearly RBI South East Regional. This is largely because not every child in the RBI program will be included or considered in the RBI national team list. They may also be missed with regard to their talent capacities. Nevertheless, the RBI scholarship program has turned out to be successful for learners who not have the capacity to pursue a professional or colligate baseball career, but have the academic capacities. The program has a former RBI participant who successfully accomplished the program and will be graduating at the Citadel Military College during the spring of 2013. The participant will be the foremo st recipient to receive the RBI for RBI scholarship, and graduate college. Moreover, this year, the program attracted 30 players who made up two teams, one, the junior team which comprised participants aged between 13 and 15 years, and, two, the senior team comprised participant aged between 16 and 18 years. The teams had to give a special request to take part in the South East Regional Tournament. Presently, there is a feeder system made up of children aged between 4 and 12 years through the Little International Charter which is made up of five teams, 2 Tee ball teams, 1 Coach Pitch team, 1 Boys Majors team 9-12 and 1 Girls softball team 9-12. Also, currently, the little league program has 4 players moving from the boys major team of 9-12 years to the RBI junior boys team of 13-15 years. We are also developing the girls softball team from the feeder system through the little league program. Nevertheless, there are a number of challenges which exist when contrasting this program wit h other rival programs and getting parents to assist and support the values of the RBI program domestically and countrywide. One, the program is facing stiff competition from rival programs. Therefore, due to the challenges posed by rival programs it has been demanding to create more than a single team in each age division. It has been largely argued that competition can make an organization, entity,

Seven Ages of a Leader Essay Example for Free

Seven Ages of a Leader Essay Each stages of leadership brings new crises and challenges. Every new leader faces the misperceptions and the personal needs and agendas of those who are to be led. The seven ages of leadership give a clear idea about the different stages of leadership. They are, †¢The Infant Executive †¢The Schoolboy with shining face †¢The Lover ,with a woeful ballad †¢The Bearded Soldier †¢The General, Full of wise saws †¢The statesman, with spectacles Nose †¢The sage, second childishness The initial stage of the leader says that the leader is like a child and he needs others dependency and support. He do everything with the support of others. The next stage is like a school boy with shining face. In that time the leadership experience is an agonizing education like parenting. In the third stage the leader is the lover with a woeful ballad. One mark of the future leaders is the ability to identify. Today’s leaders would instantly recognize the young king’s predicament. New comer or not , almost all leaders find themselves at some point in the position of having to ask others to leave the organization. In the fourth age of the leadership is like the bearded soldier. At the case of over time leaders grow comfortable with the role. This comfort brings more confidence to the leaders In this stage leaders may forget the true impact of their words and actions at that the leader think that there is no need for hearing what the followers said . In this stage the leader acts very strictly and adopt a seriousness character The next age of leadership is like the general with full of wise saws. One of the greatest challenges faced by the leader is that the leader’s career is not simply allowing people to speak the truth but actually being able to hear it. In this stage the leader is with the feature of wise saws. In the fifth stage the leader is like a statesman , with spectacles. The leader in this stage is often hard at work he prepare something for the benefit of the organization. In the last age of leadership the leader is again go to the childishness this is called second stage childishness In this stage the leader acts as a mentor and he really know what he have achieved will not be lost.

Essay --

With its abundance of genera, the Burgess Shale is one of the world’s most important fossil fields. It’s discovery in 1909 led to over 100 years of paleontological study in the Canadian Rockies, a majority of which has been carried out in two quarries known as the Walcott and Raymond quarries (Hagadorn, 2002). Though he was originally in search of trilobites in the Burgess Shale Formation, paleontologist Charles Walcott also discovered a diverse group of soft- and hard-bodied fossils, from algae and sponges to chordates and cirripeds (Hagadorn, 2002). Soft-bodied fossils are incredibly rare due to their delicate structure and susceptibility to decay, so it is hard-bodied fossils that more regularly occur in fossil findings. However over 75,000 soft-bodied specimens have been found in the Burgess Shale formation (Hagadorn, 2002). These specimens are preserved in layers of shale formed from deposits of fine mud. One of the most significant species discovered is the Pikaia gracilens. Believed to be an early chordate, the Pikaia gracilens existed very close to the beginning of the evolutionary path that ultimately lead to humans (McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia, 2006). The Burgess Shale formation is characteristically informative of significant events in the evolutionary path of multiple organisms. Its abundance of exquisitely preserved Lagerstà ¤tte has inspired paleontologists to refer to this mode of preservation as ‘Burgess Shale-type’ (Williams, 2009). The Burgess Shale is located in British Columbia’s Yoho National Park; Part of the ancient landmass called Laurentia (Scott, et al., 2000). Fossils found within the formation dating back 545-525 million years ago represent original species from the Cambrian explosion, a relativel... ...deposition and blanket of sediment kept the organisms compressed with little exposure to oxygen for decay. If life was predominately terrestrial during the Cambrian, the organisms predictably would have been left untouched after death long enough to decay, preventing the fine preservation of many soft-bodied organisms. Fortunately enough, it was marine life that dominated the Cambrian (Scott, et al., 2000). Over the past century, the Burgess Shale has revealed important information about the development of earth’s history. The excavation of the Burgess Shale formation provided evidence for what was once just a theory in evolution. The taphonomic findings of the Burgess Shale have played a significant role in understanding the large diversity that resulted from the Cambrian explosion, advancing the study of evolutionary assemblages for Paleontologists worldwide.

The Great Mystery of the Pyramids Essay -- History, Building and Const

The Great pyramids of Egypt are undoubtedly one of the most recognized and admired landmarks in the world. Built to pay tribute to gods and pharaohs, the pyramids were of great importance to the Egyptians, and the mystery of their construction continues to amaze us today. Many theories pertaining to how the pyramids were built have been suggested, however, none are as well supported or intelligible as the heave-ho method of quarrying and cutting limestone. Joseph Davidovits’ theory disproving this, in which states the pyramids were moulded, is not plausible. Substantial physical evidence which is consistent with the Egyptologists’ portrayal of the heave-ho method has been found. The entire process of building a pyramid with this method is possible, as demonstrated by thorough experiments and analysis of the Egyptian culture. Indisputably, the Great Pyramids of Giza were constructed by quarrying limestone, and the use of ramps, sleds, and cutting tools, owing to the inge nuity and strength of highly organized Egyptian workers. Joseph Davidovits, a French chemist, has proposed that the pyramids were formed using a special concrete mixture, and then poured into wooden moulds where it hardened (Alt. theory #3).While Davidovits claims to have explained aspects of pyramid construction which the heave-ho theory could not, the mould theory has many faults, rendering it weak and improbable. Firstly, the stones used in building the pyramids were of diverse shapes (Article 5). The shape of the stones would be uniform if they were created in moulds of exact dimensions. If each stone was created in a uniquely fashioned mould, it would account for the diversity in shape. However, building thousands, or even hundreds, of moulds would have been e... ...gods they worshiped. In spite of the efforts of other theorists trying to refute this process, there is a very low number of faults in the heave-ho method. Most of the improbabilities and doubts can be explained with proven experiments, as well as examining the Egyptian lifestyle. In conclusion, the heave-ho method is the strongest and most practical theory of pyramid construction, due to the weakness of other theories, significant physical evidence, and how possible it is to achieve. This method irrefutably shows how the hardworking and inventive Egyptians used abundant resources to create magnificent pyramids, by working in highly organized teams, and using tools and machines such as chisels, hammers, and ramps. The actual process of how the pyramids were built may never become known to us; however, the heave-ho method is the closest idea we have to the truth. The Great Mystery of the Pyramids Essay -- History, Building and Const The Great pyramids of Egypt are undoubtedly one of the most recognized and admired landmarks in the world. Built to pay tribute to gods and pharaohs, the pyramids were of great importance to the Egyptians, and the mystery of their construction continues to amaze us today. Many theories pertaining to how the pyramids were built have been suggested, however, none are as well supported or intelligible as the heave-ho method of quarrying and cutting limestone. Joseph Davidovits’ theory disproving this, in which states the pyramids were moulded, is not plausible. Substantial physical evidence which is consistent with the Egyptologists’ portrayal of the heave-ho method has been found. The entire process of building a pyramid with this method is possible, as demonstrated by thorough experiments and analysis of the Egyptian culture. Indisputably, the Great Pyramids of Giza were constructed by quarrying limestone, and the use of ramps, sleds, and cutting tools, owing to the inge nuity and strength of highly organized Egyptian workers. Joseph Davidovits, a French chemist, has proposed that the pyramids were formed using a special concrete mixture, and then poured into wooden moulds where it hardened (Alt. theory #3).While Davidovits claims to have explained aspects of pyramid construction which the heave-ho theory could not, the mould theory has many faults, rendering it weak and improbable. Firstly, the stones used in building the pyramids were of diverse shapes (Article 5). The shape of the stones would be uniform if they were created in moulds of exact dimensions. If each stone was created in a uniquely fashioned mould, it would account for the diversity in shape. However, building thousands, or even hundreds, of moulds would have been e... ...gods they worshiped. In spite of the efforts of other theorists trying to refute this process, there is a very low number of faults in the heave-ho method. Most of the improbabilities and doubts can be explained with proven experiments, as well as examining the Egyptian lifestyle. In conclusion, the heave-ho method is the strongest and most practical theory of pyramid construction, due to the weakness of other theories, significant physical evidence, and how possible it is to achieve. This method irrefutably shows how the hardworking and inventive Egyptians used abundant resources to create magnificent pyramids, by working in highly organized teams, and using tools and machines such as chisels, hammers, and ramps. The actual process of how the pyramids were built may never become known to us; however, the heave-ho method is the closest idea we have to the truth.

Language Arts Action Research Essay

Classroom Management Inquiry: An Applied Study of Language Arts Data Zoo Southern Illinois university Daredevils Brian Walker Johnson, Literacy Faculty Inquiry into Teaching and Learning Project CLC 445 Language Arts at Elementary and Middle Levels November 22, 2013 Classroom Management Inquiry: An Applied Study of Language Arts The main phenomenon I have concentrated on throughout my Inquiry into Teaching and Learning Project for my applied study of language arts Is the role that speaking, writing, viewing, visually representing, reading and listening play in the management of an elementary school classroom. I have come to understand that classroom management is one of the hardest duties off beginning teacher. Being respected by students and colleagues is what establishes a teacher as an authority, and effective classroom management is a start towards this goal. Managing my students has been the hardest part of my school experience thus far, and I hoped that allowing language arts to become an active part of my management processes would allow my students to think more critically about their actions. When I began his inquiry study, I believed that writing classroom rules together, reading classroom rules critically, speaking and listening to how rules are applied, and viewing and visually representing class rules in daily walk and conversation might give students a sense of ownership over their classroom and greater respect for teachers. I thought the benefit of using language arts for classroom management might be measured by closer examination of critical conversations students have when rules are broken. So I proposed the following action research question: How does student behavior hanged when students read, write, speak, listen, view, or visually represent apparent misbehaver? Waxier (2007) suggests that written action plans which give older elementary students responsibility for their actions changes misbehaver. Research by Smith (2009) demonstrates that the use of other language arts with preschoolers can have the same effect. Reading these studies motivated me to pursue classroom arts. Method Secondary Sources to Answer Research Question I began my research into how student behavior changes when language arts are integrated into classroom management practices by reviewing two secondary resources. My first source, â€Å"Blending Effective Behavior Management and Literacy Strategies for Preschoolers Exhibiting Negative Behavior† by Smith (2009), was published in a peer reviewed early childhood education Journal specializing in articles that summarize a number of experimental studies. Smith’s (2009) summary of research gave the ideas in the article greater validity. Some of the findings Smith (2009) shared described classroom management techniques I have personally experienced as effective. Smith’s (2009) findings are limited to studies done with reechoes students, but I believe the findings can be used with older students as well. Unlike Smith (2009), my second source, Waxier (2007), was not published in a peer reviewed Journal. Washer’s eBook, teach: A Teacher Resource for Learning the Strategies of Master Teachers, was self-published. However, the author’s online biography points to decades spent as a professional teacher and consultant who has helped hundreds of elementary teachers improve their classroom management. Waxier, like Smith, also describes a number of management techniques that I have found to be helpful in the past. Primary Source Data to Answer Research Question I continued my research into how student behavior changes when language arts are integrated into classroom management practices by collecting primary sources of data from my third grade classroom. The third grade classroom where I student teach is located in Roseville, Illinois, near the Mississippi River Just north of SST. Louis, Missouri. The third grade at Roseville Elementary School consists of 25 Caucasian students, 13 boys and 12 girls. Well over 70% of these students are on free or reduced lunch programs, suggesting that their families are struggling with poverty. However, the academic achievement of these students is especially high in language arts, evidenced by the school’s online report card. These students may represent an exception to the thought that poverty dictates low academic achievement. I began my research into how elementary student behavior changes when language arts are integrated into classroom management practices by conducting classroom observations and collecting artifacts. My classroom observations were done by filling out five observations forms over 1 5 minute intervals over a period of six weeks. I simply observed moments in the life of my student teaching classroom where misbehaver was occurring. Then, using the left hand column of my observation form, I wrote what I saw my teacher and student informants doing during these 15-20 minute snapshots of instruction, scripting the instruction to the best of my ability. I included exactly what I heard and saw. On the same days I made my observations, I went home and read over what I had written. Then, using the right hand column of my observation form, I summarized the â€Å"instructional moments† I saw in my written observations that I thought related to engage arts instruction and changing student misbehaver. Finally, in a different column that: 1) documented which of the language arts were being used in the instructional moment you summarized; 2) described how I thought an additional element of language arts could have been incorporated into the instructional moment. Together with artifacts including written action plans by students to correct misbehaver, photos of room arrangement, copies of class rules, and student/teacher interviews, patterns of how misbehaver changed as a result of language arts applications began to emerge. I believe these patterns are valid because they are supported by three different kinds of primary source data: my observations, informant interviews, and classroom artifacts. My initial primary source data response to the question, â€Å"How does student behavior change when students read, write, speak, listen, view, or visually represent apparent misbehaver? , emerged after examining data collected midway through my study with colleagues in my Language Arts at Elementary and Middle Levels class at Southern Illinois University Daredevils. I began to see at first that â€Å"Reading, writing, or speaking about subversive changes misbehaver. † As I continued to gather data, it became evident that all of the language arts gave misbehaving students opportunities for reflection that changed misbehaver. Results Results of my analysis of primary source data in the form of five 1 5 minute observations over five weeks, three student interviews, one cooperating teacher interview, and seven artifacts of student work in classroom management demonstrate that use of all of the six language arts gave misbehaving students opportunities for reflection that changed their misbehaver.

Cervantes Quotes in Spanish With Translations

Cervantes Quotes in Spanish With Translations Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra (1547-1616) is by far the most famous Spanish author, and his international influence on literature rivals that of his British contemporary, William Shakespeare. Here are some of the most well-known sayings and quotes that are attributed to him; note that not all translations are word for word: Cervantes Quotes About Love and Friendship Amor y deseo son dos cosas diferentes; que no todo lo que se ama se desea, ni todo lo que se desea se ama. (Love and desire are two different things; not everything that is loved is desired, and not everything that is desired is loved.) Amistades que son ciertas nadie las puede turbar. (Nobody can disrupt true friendship.) Puede haber amor sin celos, pero no sin temores. (There can be love without jealousy, but not without fear.) Cervantes Quotes About Gratitude La ingratitud es la hija de la soberbia. (Ingratitude is the daughter of pride.) Entre los pecados mayores que los hombres cometen, aunque algunos dicen que es la soberbia, yo digo que es el desagradecimiento, atenià ©ndome a lo que suele decirse: que de los desagradecidos est lleno el infierno. (Of the worst sins that people commit, although some says its pride, I say it is ingratitude. As the saying goes, hell is filled with the ungrateful.) Cervantes Quotes About Living Wisely Una onza de buena fama vale ms que una libra de perlas. (An ounce of good reputation is worth more than a pound of pearls.) El ver mucho y el leer mucho avivan los ingenios de los hombres. (Seeing much and reading much sharpens ones ingenuity.) Lo que poco cuesta aà ºn se estima menos. (What costs little is valued even less.) El hacer bien a villanos es echar agua en la mar. (Doing good for low-lifes is throwing water in the sea.) No hay ningà ºn viaje malo, excepto el que conduce a la horca. (There is no bad trip except for the one that goes to the gallows.) No puede haber gracia donde no hay discrecià ³n. (There cannot be grace where there is no discretion.) La pluma es la lengua de la mente. (The pen is the tongue of the mind.) Quien no madruga con el sol no disfruta de la jornada. (Whoever doesnt rise with the sun wont enjoy the day.) Mientras se gana algo no se pierde nada. (As long as something is earned nothing is lost.) El que no sabe gozar de la ventura cuando le viene, no debe quejarse si se pasa. (He who doesnt know how to enjoy good fortune when it comes to him shouldnt complain when it passes him by.) Cervantes Quotes About Beauty Hay dos maneras de hermosura: una del alma y otra del cuerpo; la del alma campea y se muestra en el entendimiento, en la honestidad, en el buen proceder, en la liberalidad y en la buena crianza, y todas estas partes caben y pueden estar en un hombre feo; y cuando se pone la mira en esta hermosura, y no en la del cuerpo, suele nacer el amor con à ­mpetu y con ventajas. (There are two kinds of beauty: one of the soul and the other of the body; that of the soul shows and demonstrates itself in understanding, in honesty, in good behavior, in generosity and in good breeding, and all these things can find room and exist in an ugly man; and when one looks at this type of beauty, and not bodily beauty, love is inclined to spring up forcefully and overpoweringly.) Bien veo que no soy hermoso, pero tambià ©n conozco que no soy disforme. (I see that Im not handsome, but I also know that Im not hideous.) Cervantes Quotes About Memory  ¡Oh, memoria, enemiga mortal de mi descanso! (Oh, memory, deadly enemy of my rest!) No hay recuerdo que el tiempo no borre ni pena que la muerte no acabe. (There is no memory that time doesnt erase nor any sorrow that death doesnt extinguish.) Cervantes Quotes About Foolishness Ms vale una palabra a tiempo que cien a destiempo. (One word at the right time is more valuable that 100 words at the wrong time.) El ms tonto sabe ms en su casa que el sabio en la ajena. (The most foolish person knows more in his home than the wise person knows in someone elses.) Cervantes Quotes Everyone Has Heard Cuando una puerta se cierra, otra se abre. (When one door is closed, another is opened.) Dijo la sartà ©n a la caldera, quà ­tate all ojinegra. (The frying pan said to the cauldron, Get out of here, black-eyed one. This is believed to be the source of the phrase the pot calling the kettle black.)